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什么叫防爆电器|灯具|控制箱|启动器|风机
2011-08-12 16:35:09 来源:江宇防爆电气主要分为:防爆灯具 防爆电器 防爆管件 防爆防腐电器
说明:通常来说,防爆电器是指存在有爆炸危险性气体和蒸气的场所采用的一类电气设备。化工生产经常遇到各种有爆炸危险性的气体和蒸气,在有这些介质的地方,按照有关规范、标准和规定,正确选用合适的防爆电器,是保证安全生产、防止爆炸和火灾发生的重要措施。按类型分为隔爆型、增安型 、本质安全型、正压型、充油型、充砂型、无火花型、特殊型。主要品种有防爆转换开关及刀开关、防爆空气自动开关、工厂用防爆磁力起动器、防爆控制按钮、防爆操作柱、防爆行程开关、防爆插销、防爆接线箱、防爆接线盒、防爆管件及密封材料、防爆电磁铁及防爆电磁阀等。
1、防爆控制箱类
主要包括用于控制照明系统的照明配电箱和用于控制动力系统的动力箱。这类产品大部分结构为组合式,*多可控制12个回路,其外壳大部分是以铸造铝合金材料制作的,也有一部分为钢板焊接的,还有很少一部分为绝缘材料外壳。其内部主要由断路器、接触器、热继电器。转换开关、信号灯、按钮等元件构成,制造厂还可根掘用户需要而选择配备。防爆等级*高可达ⅡCT6级。顺便指出,防爆自动开关、防爆刀开关以及熔断器在一些控制场合也常用作控制动力或照明配电系统的线路分合之用,只是变成一个单件而已。因此这些产品也划归到这类产品中来。
Mainly used for controlling a lighting system lighting distribution box and used to control the power systems power box. This kind of most products modular structure, can control up to 12 loop, its shell is most of the cast aluminum alloy production, also one part for the steel plate welded, the few for the housing of insulating materials. Its interior is mainly composed of a circuit breaker, contactor, thermal relay. Switch, lights, buttons and other components, factory can also be according to user needs and the choice of equipment. Explosion proof grade up to a maximum of CT6 class ii. Incidentally, explosion-proof, explosion-proof automatic switch knife switch and a fuse in a number of control occasions also used as a control or power lighting distribution system and the line, just become a one-piece. Therefore, these products are also classified in this type of product.
2、防爆起动器类
此类产品包括手动起动器、防爆电磁起动器、可逆电磁起动器、自耦减压起动器、Y―Δ变换降压起动器和馈电开关等产品。防爆起动器类产品作为终端控制设备,一般是一台起动器控制一台电动机,属于量大面广类产品。其外壳壳体通常由铸造铝合金或钢板制成。其内部一般由接触器(空气式或真空式)、电动机保护系统、信号灯、按钮和自耦变压OS等元件组成,而且一般都具有就地控制、远距离控制和自动控制功能。也有的产品中安装有断路器作总开关,使产品更加完善。
Such products include manual starter, explosion-proof electromagnetic starter, reversible electromagnetic starter, auto-decompression starter, Y -- a transformation buck starter and feeder switches and other products. Flameproof starter products as the terminal control equipment, is generally a starter control of a motor, which belongs to a large class of product. The shell is usually by casting aluminum or steel. Its interior is generally composed of contactor ( air or vacuum ), motor protection system, lights, buttons and autotransformer OS and other components, and generally has a local control, remote control and automatic control function. Some products are installed in the circuit breaker for switch, to make our products more perfect.
3、防爆控制开关类
这类产品市场需求量相对来说也很大,所以生产厂家也比较多,主要包括照明开关、转换开关(组合开关)、行程开关、拉线开关等小型防爆产品。这些产品的防爆等级可达ⅡCT6级别,其防爆外壳壳体通常是采用铸造铝合金压铸而成的复合型结构,也有少数制造厂采用其它材质外壳。这类产品的特点是体积小,内部元件单一、技术含量较低、结构简单、制作容易。
This kind of product market demand is relatively large, so manufacturers are also more, including lighting switch, switch ( switch ), a travel switch, a pull switch and other small explosion-proof products. These products are explosion-proof grade up to CT6 level, the explosion-proof housing is usually adopt cast aluminum die-casting alloy composite structure, also have a few factories using other material shell. The characteristic of this kind of product is small in volume, single internal components, low technology content, has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture.
4、防爆主令电器类
主令电器是用作闭合或断开控制电路,以发出命令或程序控制的开关电器。这类防爆电器主要包括控制按钮和操作柱。防爆控制按钮外壳一般用聚碳酸脂,玻璃纤维增强不饱合聚脂树脂或ABS塑料注塑来制造,也有少量是用铸铝压铸成形的。一般结构为增安型外壳,内装隔爆型元件,而且可以实现防腐功能,防爆等级可达ⅡC级。操作柱主要由主箱、接线箱和支柱组成。其主箱和接线箱有的制成一体,有的制成分体,各有特点。其材质基本上是用铸造铝合金材料制造。内部由各种仪表、转换开关、按钮和信号灯等元件组成。可以根据不同需要进行组合。
The main electrical appliances are used to close or open the control circuit, to issue orders or program controlled switch electric appliance. This kind of explosion-proof electrical equipment including the control button and the operation column. Controlling button shell is generally used polycarbonate, glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester resin or ABS plastic injection molding manufacturing, there is a small amount of casting aluminum die casting forming. The general structure of Increased-Safety shell, built-in flameproof elements, but also can realize the function of anticorrosion, explosion-proof level of up to C level. Operation column is mainly composed of a main box, junction box and pillar. The main box and junction box, some are made into a whole, some made of split, each have a characteristic. Its material basically is cast with aluminum alloy material. Internally by various instruments, switches, buttons and lights and other components. According to different needs combination.
5、防爆接线箱类
电气设备在使用中须经电线或电缆与供电网络连接起来,形成系统来完成其使用功能。但其连接导线或电缆不可能无限长,而且在连接过程中有很多地方需要串联、并联进行导线分接。这就势必造成接头部分外滤,容易引发事故。防爆接线箱类产品就是为解决这类问题而生产的产品,以求进一步保证安全生产。这类产品包括接线箱、接线盒、穿线盒、吊线盒、分线盒等产品,其外壳主要由铸造铝合金制造。根据需要设有很多进线和出线引入装置,箱内装有接线端子,用来进行连接或分接之用。这类产品大部分制成隔爆型或增安型,体积有大有小,差异较大,防爆等级可达ⅡC级。
Electrical equipment in use is subject to the wires or cables and power supply network connection, form the system to complete the function of. But the connecting wires or cables may not be infinitely long, and in the process of connecting needed a lot of series, parallel wire tapping. This will inevitably cause the joint part of the outer filter, is easy to cause accident. The explosion-proof junction box products is to solve this problem and the production of products, in order to further ensure safety production. This kind of product includes a junction box, junction box, threading box, hanging box, junction box, and other products, its shell is mainly composed of cast aluminum alloy manufacturing. According to the needs of a lot of the inlet line and the outlet line leading device, provided with a wiring terminal, used for connecting or tapping with. This kind of most products made of flameproof or Increased-Safety, volume big and small, difference is bigger, explosion-proof level of up to C level.
任何一个工作场所和环境都必须采取照明措施,含有各种爆炸性气体的场所也不例外。由于其使用场所很多,遍布各个生产角落,因而使得防爆灯具类产品大批量生产。这类产品品种多、规格全,但大致可分为照明用、标志用、信号用、手提用等几种形式,从光源种类可分为白炽灯、汞灯、纳灯,卤灯、镝灯和荧光灯,从结构上分更加繁多,大致上有吊式、挂式、墙壁安装式、吸顶式、手提式、悬臂式等。从安装角度来说,防爆灯具类可以从30°~90°内都能实现。从功率来说,可以从几十瓦到几百瓦。安装高度从地面开始到几米高。可以说,防爆灯具是所有防爆电气产品中产量*大,使用*多的产品。而且,由于其特定功能,造成了损耗大、更换量大的局面。这类产品的结构形状各异,变化很多,但从防爆性能方面来分,基本上是隔爆型为主,外壳材质以铸造铝合金为多,基本上可以满足用户在ⅡC级以下场所的各种照明和显示功能的需要。
7 防爆连接类
防爆连接件主要功能是进行电缆连接和电缆分支之用。其主要产品为防爆插销和防爆电源插座箱。额定电压为220V~380V,额定工作电流*大可达 100A,品种有两极、三极加中性线和接地线结构,产品外壳有金属和塑料材质制成,防爆等级可达ⅡC级。其内部主要由接插件组成,有的产品加装有带断点的开关,这个开关与接插件之间均具有连锁功能,即先断开开关后拔插,先插入插头后关合。不带开关的产品也具有先断开主回路后断开接地线,先插入接地线后插入主回路之功能。这都是为保证安全状态下操作。这类产品大部分是用手直接操作,所以对其绝缘性能要求一般较高,切不可忽视。8 防爆风扇类
此类产品主要包括防爆吊扇、防爆排风扇和防爆轴流风机等产品,其结构由防爆电机、防爆接线盒和防爆调速控制器及叶片组成。其额定工作电压一般至380V,防爆等级可达ⅡBT4级。
9 具有发热功能的防爆电器类
石化企业在生产过程中经常需要一些加热设备和电气取暖设备,因此这类产品的防爆问题也是十分重要的。主要产品有防爆电暖器、防爆加热器。由于防爆控制变压器和防爆镇流器等产品尽管主要功能不是获取热能,但其在运行中也会发热,也应引起*重视,所以全部划入此类产品中。当然,在科技飞速发展的今天,也会出现很多用高科技材料制成的电热设备,但其防爆问题仍不能忽视。防爆发热设备主要元件为绕组、控制器和接线盒等元件组成,而且往往具有对温度进行控制或监视的保护功能。此类产品基本上为隔爆型,防爆等级为ⅡBT4级。
10 防爆报警电器类在某些生产场合,往往需要一些灯光和声响来提示人们的行动,在含有爆炸性危险气体的环境中,这类电器就显得更加重要。其主要产品有防爆指示灯、防爆电钤、防爆电笛、防爆峰鸣器等产品,结构通常为隔爆型,用铸造铝合金制造,防爆等级可达ⅡCT6级。其工作电压可分为直36~220V,交流可达 380V。防爆接线盒和防爆壳体是其主要结构件。
11 防爆电磁铁类
这类产品主要有防爆电磁铁、防爆电磁阀、防爆电磁驱动器等产品。其工作原理是在电磁场作用下,通过产生的电磁力来推动机械设备工作,一般作制动用。结构大部分为隔爆型,用铸钢或铸铁制造,防爆等级为ⅡBT6级。其主要技术参数一般为推力或吸力(以kg计算)和通电持续率,切不可长期通电,否则容易过热造成危险。
12 防爆其他类在复杂的生产过程中往往会遇到许多的特殊要求,对此需制造出特殊的防爆电器产品。由于此类产品产量少,要求特殊,属非标准类产品,因此将其归纳为防爆其它类。主要有电工仪表、温度变送器、压力变送器、速度变送器、液位计、定量控制仪、点火装置、摄像机等产品。这些产品基本上是以生产需要而制造的,尽管其性能要求各不相同,但大部分产品为金属制作的外壳,其型式为隔爆型或增安型结构,也有很少一部分产品为本质安全型产品,其工作电压和工作电流一般都比较低,防爆等级为ⅡCT6级。
以上将工厂用防爆电器产品大致分为十二大类,以求得对这些产品有一个比较清晰的理性认识。上述分类可能有遗漏或不全面的地方。但基本上包括了现在市场上流通的大多数产品。
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